Sandra Teen Models
Click Here ===> https://blltly.com/2tlSnh
Sandra Teen Models
Paul Devereux received his B.A. in economics from Trinity College Dublin in 1990 and his Ph.D. in economics from Northwestern University in 1997. Currently, he is Professor of Economics at University College Dublin.His research has included studies on labor market adjustment over the business cycle, the effects of industry demand shocks on worker outcomes, and the relationships between changing wage inequality and the labor supply of married women. In recent research, he has developed estimators for cohort models and overidentified linear models. He is currently studying the role of family background factors in influencing individual outcomes and the intergenerational transmission of human capital.He joined IZA as a Research Fellow in November 2003.
Early one Monday morning, a fifteen-year-old girl enters a yellow cinderblock classroom at Booker T. Washington High School in Atlanta's West End. Two months pregnant, she has hopes of someday becoming a lawyer, but the baby's father has vanished, and she knows she is not ready to raise a child alone. She also faces the daunting task of breaking the news of her pregnancy to her mother, who had her first child when she was only thirteen.
Nursing school Dean Dyanne Affonso, who worked for fifteen months with high school officials and community leaders to conceive the project, says the traditional medical model "is not good enough any more. It's not culturally sensitive; it has an imposing character to it. So as new paradigms emerge, we will be giving care in unfamiliar settings. Instead of hospitals and clinics and doctors' offices, we will be in the community, in places like Booker T. Washington High School, because that's where the action is in the life of a teenager."
Of the more than fourteen hundred students at Washington High School, the city's first public school to admit African-American students and the alma mater of Martin Luther King Jr., some 130 are pregnant or already parents. Twice a week, midday at the health station is set aside especially for students who are pregnant or new mothers. Daniels and Leonard, both advanced-practice nurses who launched the program, talk with forty to fifty of those young women about managing motherhood. They engage the group in a steady stream of chatter about due dates, ultrasounds, school assignments, child care, teachers, and their own parents.
While teen pregnancy is a significant concern at Washington High School, Daniels and Leonard also address issues of loss and grief among the students, whose urban lives are frequently disrupted by violence; students' interpersonal relationships; and problems related to the school's low retention rates, especially among ninth-graders. Ultimately, they hope to respond to early warning signs of depression, substance abuse, violence, and suicide.
The nurses address students' most pressing problems. A "Lunch and Learning" series offers the opportunity to discuss domestic violence, anger management, drug abuse among friends and family, and advice for teen fathers. One Saturday last fall, twenty female Washington High students and their mothers attended a half-day workshop to help improve their relationships. When a student was shot and killed on campus last year, Daniels and Leonard offered grief counseling and organized a memorial service. They have also begun to work with leaders in four public housing projects near the school to help parents develop a program to control truancy.
"They're supporting their future and their babies' future," says Leslie Brooks, an Emory senior who wants to pursue neonatal nursing. "If a pregnant teenager is not getting some essential nutrients, the baby will wind up in the neonatal intensive care unit [because of low birthweight], and the mother may get early-onset osteoporosis."
Another group taught a series of lessons to a Washington High class on how to gain access to health care. "We're helping teenagers get in the front door, utilize the